The Meigs Raid: A Silent Strike on British Supplies at Sag Harbor

Illustration depicting American patriots embarking on the 1777 Meigs Raid.

The American Revolution witnessed numerous acts of strategic brilliance to further the American fight for independence. The Meigs Raid stands out as a testament to America’s tactical prowess during the war. Led by Colonel Return Jonathan Meigs, the May 23, 1777 raid involved forces of the Continental Army and Connecticut militia who destroyed British vessels and supplies at Sag Harbor, New York, and disrupted British operations and supply lines in the region.

The Meigs Raid was a direct response to a British raid on Danbury, Connecticut, in late April. Following the British attack, American commanders were eager for retaliation. Colonel Meigs, a skilled leader renowned for his unconventional tactics, devised a bold plan to strike back at the heart of British activity on Long Island. His target was the British supply depots stationed on Long Island, specifically Sag Harbor, New York.

Meigs' strategy centered on surprise and a rapid attack. On May 23rd, he led a force of 170 volunteers, embarking on a clandestine nighttime journey across Long Island Sound in whaleboats from Guilford, Connecticut. The mission was conducted under the cover of darkness to ensure the element of surprise, which proved crucial to the raid’s success.

The route the Meigs Raid took en route to Sag Harbor, New York, depicted on a 1794 map.

The American forces arrived at Sag Harbor in the early hours of the morning, landing undetected. They swiftly marched inland and captured a small British outpost, securing vital intelligence that would aid in their primary attack. Meigs then divided his forces and launched a two-pronged assault on Sag Harbor and the nearby fort. The Americans overwhelmed the surprised British defenders with a silent attack, using only fixed bayonets. Reports suggest only one shot was fired during the entire raid.

The American forces destroyed a dozen British ships, burned significant supplies, and captured around 90 prisoners, all without suffering a single casualty. The swift execution and the strategic planning of the raid showcased the effectiveness of targeted attacks against British positions and highlighted the vulnerability of British supply lines.

Following their successful operation, the American forces made a hasty retreat, retracing their steps and returning to Connecticut before the British could mount a response. The Meigs Raid inflicted substantial damage on British operations and disrupted their supply chains. It was a demonstration of the determination and ingenuity of the American forces and highlighted the exceptional leadership skills of Colonel Meigs.

The raid's success did not go unnoticed. For his leadership and the success of the mission, Colonel Meigs was awarded an "elegant sword" by the Second Continental Congress, recognizing his tactical brilliance and contribution to the American war effort. The Meigs Raid remains a notable example of American tactical success during the Revolutionary War, exemplifying the strategic use of swift and targeted military actions to achieve significant results. It serves as a testament to the resourcefulness and daring spirit that propelled the colonists towards independence.

Meigs Raid historical landmark marker located in the Sag Harbor Village district.